The Health Care Profession Has Changed Over Years

The health care profession has dramatically changed over years in an attempt to improve patients’ outcome. For this reason, nurses have to be aware of rising health care issues as well as evidence-based recommendations that can improve these problems. Rising health care issues that are being explored include the advantage of pharmacological treatment based on individuals’ genetic makeup, the rise of urinary tract infections (UTIs), as well as recommendations for preventing heart disease in women. The idea that human beings are as different to one another as they are alike is not new and these differences are related to the genetic make-up of each individual. Because all human beings are not identical, one can safely assume that†¦show more content†¦Clopidogrel can be prescribed prophylactically to high-risk patients or to those who have experienced atherothrombotic events such as strokes, acute coronary syndrome, peripheral arterial diseases or any other thrombi-producing illnesses (Cheek, 2013). Clopidogrel works by inhibiting the binding of adenosine diphosphate to platelet receptors, thus, disrupting the process of platelet formation and preventing platelet aggregation and thrombi formation. However, in order to inhibit the binding of ADP, clopidogrel has to be converted to its active form by the enzyme CYP2C19*1. Unfortunately, some people have lost the ability to produce enzyme CYP2C19*1 and instead produce a variant form known as CYP2C19*2. CYP2C19*2 cannot con vert clopidogrel to its active form, making clopidogrel useless in patients who carry gene CYP2C19*2. Providentially, pharmacogenomics can identify variant genes with DNA sequencing prior to prescribing medications in order to assure the effectiveness of pharmacologic therapy. This also helps health care providers to prescribe alternate medications when appropriate. Other drugs of research include the anticoagulant warfarin, the antiretroviral agent abacavir, and the antibody trastuzumab. All these drugs have genetic variant forms that can affect the effectiveness of pharmacological therapy. Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist used to prevent thromboembolic disorders. Another major area of concern is the growing crisis of